What is Neuropathy | Signs & SYmptoms | Causes of Neuropathy | Types of Neuropathy | Neuropathy Treatments

What is neuropathy?

Nerves are the communication lines of the body.  Electrical signals from the brain travel through the nerves and give instructions to the various body parts.  The body receives information from the environment through the senses and sends this information to the brain via the nerves.

The majority of the peripheral nerves are responsible for sensations you feel such as touch, pain and temperature.  There are literally millions of these nerve endings in your fingers, hands, toes and feet which are designed to keep you out of danger and away from the things that are hot, cold, sharp, etc. 

These nerves in your hands and feet also help you control the numerous small muscles and intricate movements in these regions of the body.  It would also be difficult to walk without knowing what your feet are standing on or to pick things up if you had no idea how hard you were gripping something.  

Peripheral nerve cells have three main parts: cell body, axons, and dendrites (or terminal).. (See diagram below)  

Nerve damage produces pain, loss of sensation and inability to control muscles.

Nerve damage or neuropathy normally occurs when the outer sheathing or the myelin (protective covering) of nerve cells degenerate for various reasons.    Without this protection the electrical signals are not transferred properly just like if you stripped the covering off of the electrical wires in your house. 

As the nerve damage gets worse, the nerves either lose their ability to transmit information (numbness), or they start sending false signals (pain and tingling). 

When the  insulation begins to crumble,  the unprotected "wire" will start short-circuiting.  

                                       

Neuropathy is the condition where the nerves have sustained enough damage that there is noticeable numbness, pain or tingling and motor nerve damage results in inability to coordinate muscles.

Neuropathy is not a condition that happened overnight. It is a condition that has slowly advanced often over many years before a person begins to feel the symptoms. In some cases, the nerve damages does happen quickly, but that is due to a toxic substance such as chemo drugs which damage the nerves more quickly.

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